But now we understand that true liberty is not a matter of changing kings or rulers.
In that dance and in that worship man has sacrificed all his finer qualities of heart and soul — kindness and justice honor and manhood, compassion and sympathy with his fellow-man. But if you accuse your employer of robbing you of the greater part of your labor, of exploiting you for his personal benefit and profit, can you get your due in the courts? He senses their opposition to his radical ideas, and he finds himself in a strange and unfriendly atmosphere. The Mutualists, on the other hand, propose a definite new economic system. It proves that it is not certain ideas or “isms” that lead to violence, but that some other causes bring it about. My friend, do I need to tell you about the bribery and debauchery of politics, about the corruption of the courts, and the vile administration of ‘justice’? He puts one set of men to spy upon another, and he thinks he has ‘raised the standard of morality’; he pretends to have made you ‘better’ by compelling you to be a hypocrite.

That is the difference between managing things and governing men; between doing something from free choice and being compelled. “Yes, government means violence and it is evil,” you admit; “but can we do without it?” Maybe you are a Christian, or a member of some other religion — Jew, Mormon, Mohammedan, Buddhist, or what not. But as Thomas Jefferson wisely said, “That government is best which governs least.” These the world condemns, but little by little it follows their example and lead, and finally it comes up abreast of them. Sometimes the Governor of the State will even call out the militia, the President will order out the regular troops — all in support of capital against labor. Generally speaking, they all believe in the abolition of poverty and unjust social conditions. What an insult to the glorious memory of that great event, the American Revolutionary War, which abolished the tyranny of George III and made the American Colonies an independent republic! What we call progress has been a painful but continuous march in the direction of limiting authority and the power of government and increasing the rights and liberties of the individual, of the masses. The sense of equality liberates the best there is in man and makes him consciously creative. Because the Revolution and the Bolshevik dictatorship were things of an entirely different and even opposite nature. There is nothing more dangerous than discrimination. You know that we do not live like brothers. The government, the nobility, the clergy, and the bourgeoisie all combined, as usual, to stamp out and crush the least effort to enlighten the masses.

The more enlightened man will become, the less he will employ compulsion and coercion. But their arguments, though based on the age-long experience of man, seemed mere theory to the present generation, until the events of the last two decades have demonstrated in actual life the truth of the Anarchist position. If you should wake up to-morrow morning and learn that there is no government any more, would your first thought be to rush out into the street and kill someone? The life and welfare of a country depended on economics, not on politics, they argued. And their interests are identical, as against the employer and the system of exploitation. The workers build factories, make machinery and tools, and produce goods.

But the social revolution is not a mere political change: it is a fundamental economic, ethical, and cultural transformation. But he is there and he must participate in the business that is being transacted. They have to cut down production. The resources of every country were strained. Or as Belgium does with the black men in the Congo. The hunger for liberty may he suppressed for a time; yet never exterminated.

If this is true of the simplest relations of existence, how much more so in the larger field of our industrial, political, and social life? A limited capitalism might be introduced in one part of the land or collectivism in another. Let us take up the organization of consumption first, because people have to eat before they can work and produce. During the Brest-Litovsk negotiations it was again Lenin who insisted that “peace on any terms” he made with Germany, while Trotsky, Radek, and other important Bolshevik leaders opposed the Kaiser’s conditions as humiliating and destructive. In fact, the more enlightened the masses have become, the clearer the workers realize their aims, and the better they are prepared to carry them out, the less destructive the revolution will be, and the quicker and more effectively will begin the work of reconstruction. In Germany, the mother of the Socialist movement, the Social Democratic Party holds numerous government offices; its members are in the municipal and national legislative bodies, in the judiciary, and in the Cabinet. But that was expensive and troublesome. We have triumphed over space, and the farthest corners of the globe have been brought close together.

The masses backed the Petrograd Soviet.

Revolutions, like everything else, grow: they begin small, accumulate strength develop, and broaden. That is to say, that there should be no war, no violence used by one set of men against another, no monopoly and no poverty, no oppression, no taking advantage of your fellow-man. War paralyzes your courage and deadens the spirit of true manhood. This is true in the most literal sense. It seems strange, doesn’t it, that such a thing should be permitted? It has been suggested by some that exchange during the reconstruction should be based on some definite standard.

Is the revolution to be fought there?’

It is because you and every one else are lied to about this all the time, from your earliest childhood. a class of more or less well-to-do people, consisting of business men and their agents, real estate men, speculators, and professional men, such as doctors, lawyers, inventors, and so on. On the contrary, when some decent man dares do so, it is the labor leaders who are the first to declare him a disturber, an ‘enemy of the workers’, a socialist or an anarchist.

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